Details of Prophet Adam (Alaih Assalaam)
"And when your Lord said to the angels, "I am going to place in the earth a Caliph,..."(Baqarah : 30).
Allah, the Almighty, created the earth, skies, sun, moon, stars and planets and furnished all other necessities for man's survival. He created the angels for His worship and obedience and bestowed them with all the bounties. He taught them the method of His obedience and veneration. After this Allah, the Wise, created Adam (a.s.) and his progeny so that they may reside in the earth. Then He informed the angels that He intended to appoint man as His emissary on earth. He would permit him to partake of the earthly bounties and unearth the treasures hidden in its womb.
The angels found this untenable that Allah should prefer some other creature over them for the Caliphate on earth.
Hence they said,
"What! Will Thou place in it such as shall make mischief in it and shed blood, and we celebrate Thy praise and extol Thy holiness?" He said: "Surely I know what you do not know." (Baqarah : 30).
"I know the wisdom behind appointing Adam and his sons as My vicegerents. You cannot comprehend this. I will shortly create Adam. As soon as I create him and blow My spirit into him, you all prostrate before him."
(All the Islamic scholars are unanimous that the prostration of angels to Adam was not a prostration of worship for it would have been an act of polytheism. The prostration was for Allah and Adam was like a qiblah (the center of attention) and the angels prostrated simply in consonance with divine decree.
Allah created the body of Adam from special clay and blew His spirit into him (a.s.). The Holy Spirit began to circulate in his body and he became a perfect human being, ready to inhabit the earth. All the angels prostrated before him in conformity with the Divine order except Iblis, who refused to comply. Allah sought the reason for his disobedience.
Iblis replied haughtily,
"I am superior to Adam. You have created me from fire and him from clay."
Shaitan displayed his disdain to the divine mandate and disobeyed Allah. Though Allah had created Adam by His power, Iblis did not submit, thereby turning into an infidel and being liable for eternal chastisement.
Allah ordered Iblis out of His presence and said,
"Now you have become very far from Our Mercy and the halter of curse has been put around your neck till the day of Judgment."
Iblis , thereafter called as Shaitan, requested the Almighty to give him reprieve till the day of reckoning and begged to be kept alive.
Allah gave him reprieve till the "appointed hour."
But Shaitan did not thank his Lord even for this obligation. Instead, he showed his ungratefulness by threatening,
"I will forever misguide them all except Your sincere servants."
Allah replied, "Go! Do as you wish and trouble whomsoever you can with your instigation. Involve the people in your falsehood and deceit and make them false promises and show them your mirages. But remember well, those of my servants who are sincere with firm beliefs and an unshakable faith, will not be misled by you. You will never be able to deviate them. Their hearts and ears will never submit to you whisperings."
The Almighty bestowed knowledge upon Adam (a.s.) and illuminated him with His light and taught him the Names.
"And He taught Adam all the names..."(Baqarah : 31).
According to the traditions of the infallibles, the 'Names' were those of the beloved personalities of Allah. (Tafseer-e-Ithna Ashari, v. 1, p. 111). When the angels came to know that Allah had taught Adam (a.s.) the names, they realized that Adam (a.s.) was superior to them.
"They exalted Him: Glory be to the Thee! We have no knowledge but that which Thou has taught us; surely Thou art the All Knowing, the Wise. Allah commanded: O Adam ! Inform them of their names. Then when he had informed them of their names, He said : Did I not say to you that I surely know what is hidden in the heavens and the earth and (that) I know what you manifest and what you hide?" (Baqarah : 32-33).
The angels were absolutely ignorant of what Adam (a.s.) knew.
Allah placed Adam (a.s.) and his spouse, Janaab Hawwa (a.s.) [Eve] in Paradise and warned,
"O Adam ! Dwell you and your wife in the garden and eat from it a plenteous (food) wherever you wish (but) do not approach this tree, for then you will be of the unjust." (Baqarah : 35).
Adam (a.s.) began to reside in Paradise and partake of its bounties. This did not go down well with Shaitan and he planned to deprive them both of this lavishness. Shaitan disguised himself as a sincere and righteous personality and befriended Adam (a.s.). Later, he whispered, "Actually Allah has not really prohibited this tree from you for if you eat from it you and Eve will become angels and dwell forever in this place." But his instigation had no effect on Adam and Eve. When Shaitan realised that Adam and Eve were not being influenced by his stratagems, he executed his last trick and swore that he was their sincere friend and assured them that no harm would befell them. He succeeded in entrapping Eve with his sweet talk who convinced Adam (a.s.) to eat from the prohibited tree. Such a contravention is termed as 'Tark-e-Awla' which means neglecting the preferred course of action. It is actually an action that is better avoided. But it is not prohibited (haraam), i.e. it is not accounted as a sin. The expulsion of Adam (a.s.) from paradise to earth was a punishment for this Tark-e-Awla.
Actually Adam (a.s.) had been created for this earth (and not Paradise). The verse of Sura Baqarah (2:30) quoted above is a pointer to this fact. Allah declares (to the angels) even before the creation of Adam that He was going to appoint a Caliph on earth. Therefore, when Adam (a.s.) was finally ordered to dwell on earth, it was not a punishment for a sin. Therefore it has not affected the infallibility of Adam (a.s.). He had simply performed a Tark-e-Awla due to which Allah expelled him from the bounties of Paradise.
Adam (a.s.) and Eve supplicated for forgiveness and implored:
"Our Lord ! We had been unjust to ourselves and if you don't forgive us, we shall be deprived of Your Mercy. Then surely we shall be among the bereaved." Allah commanded, "Get forth, some of you being the enemies of others, and there is for you in the earth an abode and a provision for a time."(Baqarah : 36)
The supplication of Adam (a.s.) and Eve was accepted by Allah when they beseeched him for the sake of Muhammed (s.a.w.s) and his Purified Progeny (a.s.). Allah made man subservient to needs and necessities. He made inherent despair and hope in man's nature so that he may strive for his necessities and wants.
Allah also informed that the life of Paradise was a great bounty and Adam (a.s.) was being deprived of it and was being sent to a place where there are two paths - salvation and deviation, faith and infidelity. One who shall remain faithful to the prescribed path and wards off satanic provocation, will be successful in this world as well as the hereafter.
All about Hazrat Adam (a.s):
Adam (Alaih Assalaam) was the first man created by Allah. He was created to live on earth. However, Iblis did not like this. Although Iblis was made of fire, he lived with the angels. He thought he was better than Adam, so he became Adam�s enemy and decided to make Adam (Alaih Assalaam) disobey Allah.
Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife used to live in paradise, where they were put by Allah. Paradise was the most beautiful place you can imagine. It was neither hot nor cold. Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife were never hungry or thirsty. This was another thing which Iblis did not like. So Iblis came to Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife and told them to eat from a certain tree. Now, Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife knew very well that Allah had told them they must not even go near that tree. So they did not listen to Iblis, but Iblis kept on and on at them. He tempted them by saying that they could live for ever if they ate from that tree and would become like angels.
At last, worn down by the nagging of Iblis, Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife gave in. They came to believe what Iblis was telling them, and they ate from the tree, against Allah�s command. But they soon came to regret very much their disobedience and their weakness in listening to Iblis. Adam and his wife were very sad and asked Allah for His forgiveness. Allah forgave them, for He is very forgiving. Allah then told Adam and his wife that they must now go down to earth and live there for some time. But He promised that they would be allowed to return to paradise as long as they and their children were obedient to Him in future.
Allah also told Adam (Alaih Assalaam) that he would be Allah�s first prophet. Many prophets would be sent to mankind, and if man listens to the prophets� words, he will come into paradise when he dies. But if he does not listen, then he will go to hell and remain there with the evil Iblis.
So, Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife cam down to earth. On earth, they raised their children, and their children in their turn raised their children. In this way succeeding generations of mankind lived on earth and Allah sent His prophets to all of them. These prophets said: Worship only Allah. Allah has created you. Allah has made for you the plants and the animals so that you can eat them. Be grateful to Allah and always do good.
This is what Adam (Alaih Assalaam), the first prophet of Allah, told his children. After him there came many other prophets, and Muhammad (s) is the last of the prophets.
"And when your Lord said to the angels, "I am going to place in the earth a Caliph,..."(Baqarah : 30).
Allah, the Almighty, created the earth, skies, sun, moon, stars and planets and furnished all other necessities for man's survival. He created the angels for His worship and obedience and bestowed them with all the bounties. He taught them the method of His obedience and veneration. After this Allah, the Wise, created Adam (a.s.) and his progeny so that they may reside in the earth. Then He informed the angels that He intended to appoint man as His emissary on earth. He would permit him to partake of the earthly bounties and unearth the treasures hidden in its womb.
The angels found this untenable that Allah should prefer some other creature over them for the Caliphate on earth.
Hence they said,
"What! Will Thou place in it such as shall make mischief in it and shed blood, and we celebrate Thy praise and extol Thy holiness?" He said: "Surely I know what you do not know." (Baqarah : 30).
"I know the wisdom behind appointing Adam and his sons as My vicegerents. You cannot comprehend this. I will shortly create Adam. As soon as I create him and blow My spirit into him, you all prostrate before him."
(All the Islamic scholars are unanimous that the prostration of angels to Adam was not a prostration of worship for it would have been an act of polytheism. The prostration was for Allah and Adam was like a qiblah (the center of attention) and the angels prostrated simply in consonance with divine decree.
Allah created the body of Adam from special clay and blew His spirit into him (a.s.). The Holy Spirit began to circulate in his body and he became a perfect human being, ready to inhabit the earth. All the angels prostrated before him in conformity with the Divine order except Iblis, who refused to comply. Allah sought the reason for his disobedience.
Iblis replied haughtily,
"I am superior to Adam. You have created me from fire and him from clay."
Shaitan displayed his disdain to the divine mandate and disobeyed Allah. Though Allah had created Adam by His power, Iblis did not submit, thereby turning into an infidel and being liable for eternal chastisement.
Allah ordered Iblis out of His presence and said,
"Now you have become very far from Our Mercy and the halter of curse has been put around your neck till the day of Judgment."
Iblis , thereafter called as Shaitan, requested the Almighty to give him reprieve till the day of reckoning and begged to be kept alive.
Allah gave him reprieve till the "appointed hour."
But Shaitan did not thank his Lord even for this obligation. Instead, he showed his ungratefulness by threatening,
"I will forever misguide them all except Your sincere servants."
Allah replied, "Go! Do as you wish and trouble whomsoever you can with your instigation. Involve the people in your falsehood and deceit and make them false promises and show them your mirages. But remember well, those of my servants who are sincere with firm beliefs and an unshakable faith, will not be misled by you. You will never be able to deviate them. Their hearts and ears will never submit to you whisperings."
The Almighty bestowed knowledge upon Adam (a.s.) and illuminated him with His light and taught him the Names.
"And He taught Adam all the names..."(Baqarah : 31).
According to the traditions of the infallibles, the 'Names' were those of the beloved personalities of Allah. (Tafseer-e-Ithna Ashari, v. 1, p. 111). When the angels came to know that Allah had taught Adam (a.s.) the names, they realized that Adam (a.s.) was superior to them.
"They exalted Him: Glory be to the Thee! We have no knowledge but that which Thou has taught us; surely Thou art the All Knowing, the Wise. Allah commanded: O Adam ! Inform them of their names. Then when he had informed them of their names, He said : Did I not say to you that I surely know what is hidden in the heavens and the earth and (that) I know what you manifest and what you hide?" (Baqarah : 32-33).
The angels were absolutely ignorant of what Adam (a.s.) knew.
Allah placed Adam (a.s.) and his spouse, Janaab Hawwa (a.s.) [Eve] in Paradise and warned,
"O Adam ! Dwell you and your wife in the garden and eat from it a plenteous (food) wherever you wish (but) do not approach this tree, for then you will be of the unjust." (Baqarah : 35).
Adam (a.s.) began to reside in Paradise and partake of its bounties. This did not go down well with Shaitan and he planned to deprive them both of this lavishness. Shaitan disguised himself as a sincere and righteous personality and befriended Adam (a.s.). Later, he whispered, "Actually Allah has not really prohibited this tree from you for if you eat from it you and Eve will become angels and dwell forever in this place." But his instigation had no effect on Adam and Eve. When Shaitan realised that Adam and Eve were not being influenced by his stratagems, he executed his last trick and swore that he was their sincere friend and assured them that no harm would befell them. He succeeded in entrapping Eve with his sweet talk who convinced Adam (a.s.) to eat from the prohibited tree. Such a contravention is termed as 'Tark-e-Awla' which means neglecting the preferred course of action. It is actually an action that is better avoided. But it is not prohibited (haraam), i.e. it is not accounted as a sin. The expulsion of Adam (a.s.) from paradise to earth was a punishment for this Tark-e-Awla.
Actually Adam (a.s.) had been created for this earth (and not Paradise). The verse of Sura Baqarah (2:30) quoted above is a pointer to this fact. Allah declares (to the angels) even before the creation of Adam that He was going to appoint a Caliph on earth. Therefore, when Adam (a.s.) was finally ordered to dwell on earth, it was not a punishment for a sin. Therefore it has not affected the infallibility of Adam (a.s.). He had simply performed a Tark-e-Awla due to which Allah expelled him from the bounties of Paradise.
Adam (a.s.) and Eve supplicated for forgiveness and implored:
"Our Lord ! We had been unjust to ourselves and if you don't forgive us, we shall be deprived of Your Mercy. Then surely we shall be among the bereaved." Allah commanded, "Get forth, some of you being the enemies of others, and there is for you in the earth an abode and a provision for a time."(Baqarah : 36)
The supplication of Adam (a.s.) and Eve was accepted by Allah when they beseeched him for the sake of Muhammed (s.a.w.s) and his Purified Progeny (a.s.). Allah made man subservient to needs and necessities. He made inherent despair and hope in man's nature so that he may strive for his necessities and wants.
Allah also informed that the life of Paradise was a great bounty and Adam (a.s.) was being deprived of it and was being sent to a place where there are two paths - salvation and deviation, faith and infidelity. One who shall remain faithful to the prescribed path and wards off satanic provocation, will be successful in this world as well as the hereafter.
All about Hazrat Adam (a.s):
Adam (Alaih Assalaam) was the first man created by Allah. He was created to live on earth. However, Iblis did not like this. Although Iblis was made of fire, he lived with the angels. He thought he was better than Adam, so he became Adam�s enemy and decided to make Adam (Alaih Assalaam) disobey Allah.
Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife used to live in paradise, where they were put by Allah. Paradise was the most beautiful place you can imagine. It was neither hot nor cold. Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife were never hungry or thirsty. This was another thing which Iblis did not like. So Iblis came to Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife and told them to eat from a certain tree. Now, Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife knew very well that Allah had told them they must not even go near that tree. So they did not listen to Iblis, but Iblis kept on and on at them. He tempted them by saying that they could live for ever if they ate from that tree and would become like angels.
At last, worn down by the nagging of Iblis, Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife gave in. They came to believe what Iblis was telling them, and they ate from the tree, against Allah�s command. But they soon came to regret very much their disobedience and their weakness in listening to Iblis. Adam and his wife were very sad and asked Allah for His forgiveness. Allah forgave them, for He is very forgiving. Allah then told Adam and his wife that they must now go down to earth and live there for some time. But He promised that they would be allowed to return to paradise as long as they and their children were obedient to Him in future.
Allah also told Adam (Alaih Assalaam) that he would be Allah�s first prophet. Many prophets would be sent to mankind, and if man listens to the prophets� words, he will come into paradise when he dies. But if he does not listen, then he will go to hell and remain there with the evil Iblis.
So, Adam (Alaih Assalaam) and his wife cam down to earth. On earth, they raised their children, and their children in their turn raised their children. In this way succeeding generations of mankind lived on earth and Allah sent His prophets to all of them. These prophets said: Worship only Allah. Allah has created you. Allah has made for you the plants and the animals so that you can eat them. Be grateful to Allah and always do good.
This is what Adam (Alaih Assalaam), the first prophet of Allah, told his children. After him there came many other prophets, and Muhammad (s) is the last of the prophets.
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